Feminism in the Old Testament- Article Reviews Essay

Juskiene, Vaineta. Female Image in the Biblical Text: Aspect of Creationsim. Feminist -------------Theology. Journal Biblical Literature, 1 Dec. 2010. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. Rooke, Deborah W. Feminist Criticism of the Old Testament: Why Bother?Libraries.Slu.Edu. ----Journal Biblical Literature, 1 Jan. 2007. Web. 6 Apr. 2012. http://ehis.ebscohost.com.ezp.slu.edu/eds/detail?vid=6hid=101sid=b1182eba-cea0-4340-8ef1-ed25678fc244%40sessionmgr112bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmU%3d#db=a9hAN=24052529. Feminism in the Old Testament The first article that is discussed in great proportion is called ‘The Feminist Criticism of the Old Testament: Why Bother?’ by Deborah W. Rooke. Rooke voices her opinion quite clear by making the statement that†¦show more content†¦It is expressed that the interpretations are mysoginistic and sexist as the traditional readings of Genisis 2-3 begin from the biblical era and blame the woman for sin and fall. Most notably Rooke points out that woman were not at the heart of the fall of man and that there are two crucial parts missing in that statement. Why does God lie to the (hu)man and why is the snake punished for tell ing the truth? Rooke goes on to explain how ‘God tells the (hu)man that on the day that he eats the fruit from the tree of knowledge of good and evil, he will die’ (Gen, 2.17), the snake tells the woman that she and the man will not die, but would be given knowledge (3.4-5).’ Throughout the article Rooke takes another standpoint, a feminist standpoint, and in her interpretation of the bible argues the inferior nature of the woman in the Old Testament. It can be surmised from the article that Rooke feels that female subordination on the grounds that the woman’s inferior status and weak, susceptible characters means that she deserves to be under her husband’s authority is preposterous. The next article is not necessarily in opposition to Rookes’ however, what this segment does is paint a picture of equality by not ignoring the inferior role that women played rather by making the statement that man and women were equal and that the woman honored her role given the circumstances. This all deals with perception and interpretation and this is key toShow MoreRelatedCritical Theory2567 Words   |  11 PagesChoose 2 theories from Semester 1 and highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the theories’ application. In this essay two theories will be examined in regards to their advantages and disadvantages, when applied. For this, Feminism and Post-Colonialism will be used, as both theories unite in their aim to deconstruct the dominant ideologies and stereotypes in a patriarchal and imperialistic ‘white European male ’ dominated society, thus overthrowing centuries of colonization, subordinationRead MoreCritical Theory2551 Words   |  11 PagesChoose 2 theories from Semester 1 and highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the theories’ application. In this essay two theories will be examined in regards to their advantages and disadvantages, when applied. For this, Feminism and Post-Colonialism will be used, as both theories unite in their aim to deconstruct the dominant ideologies and stereotypes in a patriarchal and imperialistic ‘white European male ’ dominated society, thus overthrowing centuries of colonization, subordinationRead MoreWomen s Role During The American Revolution3305 Words   |  14 Pagesbetween the sexes. One of the most significant characters in establishing academic coexistence was Mary Lyon. A brief consideration of some of Mary Lyon’s efforts in Solomon’s study will conclude this review. Mary Lyon was born in Massachusetts in 1797 and began teaching when she was 17 years old. She attended Byfield Seminary and then taught at several other academies. At her time when women did not receive enough of quality education, she argued that education for women should be affordable andRead MoreThe Vogue Of The Lady3547 Words   |  15 Pagesmost significant characters in establishing academic coexistence was Mary Lyon. A brief consideration of some of Mary Lyon’s efforts in Solomon’s study will conclude this review. Mary Lyon born in Massachusetts in 1797 began teaching when she was Mary Lyon born in Massachusetts in 1797 began teaching when she was 17 years old. She attended Byfield Seminary and then taught at several other academies. At her time when women did not receive enough of quality education, she argued that education forRead MoreA Concept Of A Calling5698 Words   |  23 PagesThompson, 2009). Notions of ?a calling?, historically, can be found in literature from theological, philosophical and socio-historical sources (Carter, 2014). An early usage was the Biblical calling of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the Old Testament. The New Testament used the term for the calling of the disciples by Christ (Scott, 2007). During the Protestant Reformation the idea that ?earthly? occupations could have spiritual significance was developed (Dik Duffy, 2009). Since the ReformationRead MoreLgbt19540 Words   |  79 Pagestrans women. Transvestite or cross-dressing individuals are thought to comprise the largest transgender sub-group. Cross-dressers sometimes wear clothes considered appropriate to a different gender. They vary in how completely they dress (from one article of clothing to fully cross-dressing) as well as in their motives for doing so. A small number can go on to identify as transsexual. Gender Reassignment Gender Reassignment also called transitioning, is the process of changing the way someones genderRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesBabylon and Dread Revitalization 4. The Ethos of Rastafari: Structure, Ideology, and Ritual 5. â€Å"Coming in from the Cold†: Rastafari and the Wider Society 6. Rastafari Rules: Bearers of Jamaican Popular Culture 7. Summary and Conclusions Appendix: A Review of the Literature on Rastafari Notes Selected Bibliography Index 3 7 29 41 67 79 97 117 127 141 171 185 This page intentionally left blank Rastafari This page intentionally left blank Introduction Since its emergenceRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesMikael Andersson/Nordic Photos/Getty Images; Figure 2.3  © Sean Justice/The Image Bank/ Getty Images; Figure 2.4  © Bruce Hands/Stone/Getty Images; 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, and 3.5 based on Human relations: rare, medium, or well-done? in Harvard Business Review Vol. 26 No. 1 Harvard Business School Publishing (Roethlisberger, F. J. 1948); Figure 3.6 Courtesy of ATT Archives and History Center, Warren, NJ; Figure 4.1 The Trustees of the Imperial War Museum, London; Figure 4.2 adapted from Performance evaluation

Stephen Kings Influence On American Literature Essay

Stephen King is one of the most influential authors of today. His award-winning novels and short stories are known world -wide. His many awards and nominations have created a space for him in the literary world. King is a true â€Å"Horror King†, for his books, turned movies, have scared millions world- wide. Stephen King has helped bring America to prominence through his many books, essays and short stories. Stephen Edwin King was born on September 21, 1947 at the Maine General Hospital in Portland, Maine. His parents were Donald Edwin King and Ruth Pillsbury King. Stephen being the only natural born child in the family and his older brother David having been adopted at birth two years earlier. â€Å"The Kings were the typical, â€Å"nuclear† family†¦show more content†¦During his first year at college, King completed his first full-length novel, quot;The Long Walk.quot; He sent the novel to Bennett Cerf/Random House only to have it rejected. King took the rejection bad and filed the book away. Stephen King made his first small sale with his story quot;The Glass Floorquot; for the amount of thirty-five dollars. In June 1970, Stephen King graduated from the University of Maine with a Bachelor of Science degree in English and a certificate to teach high school. Kings next idea came from the poem by Robert Browning, quot;Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came.quot; He began work on The Dark Tower saga. But due to his lack of money he was unable to finish the novel and it too was filed away. King took a measly job of pumping gas earning $1.25 an hour. Stephen King then began to earn money for his writings by submitting his short stories to mens magazines such as Cavalier. On January 2, 1971, Tabitha Jane Spruce and Stephen King were married. And in the fall of 1971, King took a teaching job at Hampden Academy earning $6,400 a year. The Kings then moved to Hermon, a town west of Bangor, Maine. Stephen King then began work on a short story about a teenage girl named Carietta White. After a completing a few pages, King decided it was not a good story and threw it away. Fortunately for Stephen, his wife TabithaShow MoreRelatedEdgar Allan Poes Impact on American Literature1379 Words   |  6 PagesEdgar Allan Poe is one of the most influential writers of the horror genre in American history. His horror stories have impacted numerous authors and their stories over the years. Various people have tried to copy his way of writing style, but they have failed to achieve the success he did. Even though Poe is no longer living, his impact on American literature can still be felt today. Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston, Massachusetts on January 19, 1809. Even though Edgar Allan Poe did not growRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Raven And The Fall Of The House Of Usher 896 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allan Poe is an extremely well known American writer and is famous for his horrific and mysterious works such as, â€Å"The Raven† and â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher.† Poe was born in 1809 in Boston, Massachusetts in an era that seems to have many dark and ominous writers and pieces of literature originating from that time period. Poe is said to have launched the interest in many of the detective type stories that we read from modern day writers. â€Å"In the early 1800s, romanticism was the dominantRead MoreThe Unjust End Of John Coffey1504 Words   |  7 PagesMi’esha Straughn Dr. Willis 7 November 2017 ENG 102 Mini Term The Unjust End of John Coffey Yumi Nagasaki-Taylor writes, â€Å"There aren’t too many people who haven’t read a Stephen King book or seen one of his movies† (Nagasaki-Taylor). King s many novels and short stories have become staples in American Literature and English classes around the world. Among King’s well-known works, there is The Green Mile. Anyone who has read this story will forever remember it, not only because of the unmistakableRead MoreRichard Wrights Native Man, And Native Son : An Analysis938 Words   |  4 PagesWright’s Native Son, Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, and Stephen King’s On Writing, this desire for human companionship influences the lives of all protagonists. Without this humanly comfort, no creature would able to survive. Richard Wright shocks audiences with his animalistic portrayal of Bigger, the protagonist of Native Son. 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King also made his foray intoRead MoreIdentities : Cultural Stereotypes Of African American Women Essay1724 Words   |  7 PagesCultural Stereotypes of African American Women and Citizen: An American Lyric Racism and stereotypes are explored in Claudia Rankine’s Citizen: An American Lyric, which draws the reader in through a series of vignettes, using poetry, prose and multi-media to detail both subtle and overt incidents of racism that happened to the author, her friends and celebrities. This paper will explore the ways in which modern racism is rooted in historical racism and African American women are subject to intersectingRead MoreArgumentative Essay On The Fall Of The House Of Usher1169 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"Monsters are real, and ghosts are real too. They live inside us, and sometimes, they win†(King). Stephen King is one of the most famous horror fiction writers in history, with such classic works as The Shining and It on his resume. However, King would be nothing if it weren’t for the tortured, Edgar Allan Poe(1809-1849). Poe’s works seem to project the monsters and ghosts which lived inside him, through his awful, short life. Poe writings are woven tightly with language holding hidden meaningsRead MoreEssay about flannery oconner: queen of irony1743 Words   |  7 Pages Flannery O’Connor: Queen of Irony The literary rebellion, known as realism, established itself in American writing as a direct response to the age of American romanticism’s sentimental and sensationalist prose. As the dominance of New England’s literary culture waned â€Å"a host of new writers appeared, among them Bret Harte, William Dean Howells, and Mark Twain, whose background and training, unlike those of the older generation they displaced, were middle-class and journalistic rather than genteelRead MoreThe Raven, By Edgar Allan Poe Essay1741 Words   |  7 PagesThe genre of horror in literature has been around for many years but, the genre itself never fails in bringing suspense and thrillers. Horror fiction itself began stemming from folklore and religious traditions, the stories based on evil spirits, vampires, and werewolves. A prominent writer of the horror fiction genre would be Edgar Allan Poe, well known for writing The Raven, who would be the most recognizable and most established horro r writer. Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston on January 19Read MoreA Brief Biography of Edgar Allan Poe Essay1001 Words   |  5 Pagesdisintegrating. Impact on literature Edgar Allen Poe was one of the first artist to write horror and mystery stories such as† The Pit and the Pendulum,† â€Å"The Black Cat,† â€Å"The Tale Tale Heart,† and â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher†. He is credited as the architect of the modern short story. Nearly every great American writer is greatly influenced by Poe’s short stories and poems especially the ones writing gothic or grotesque stories. Stevin king and Clive barker followed the footsteps

Bazarov a lunatic or visionary free essay sample

Vlad Elkis MOL 316-101 Dr. Elizabeth Ginzburg October 5, 2003 Bazarov: a moonstruck or a airy? # 8220 ; And the palace made of sand Thaws into the sea, Eventually. # 8221 ; James Marshall Hendrix Ivan Turgenev # 8217 ; s effort at making a new Russian coeval # 8220 ; hero # 8221 ; has yielded a figure of highly high complexness, contradiction, and divergency. This character, a adult male named Evgeny Bazarov and the mystery of his individual have fueled illimitable arguments on the true kernel of this figure, as it was intended by the writer. As Socrates said, # 8220 ; Amid the debate, the truth is found # 8221 ; , so allow this modest part to the apparently eternal treatment of Bazarov bring us possibly one little measure closer to the truth about this cryptic adult male and his true kernel. What is Bazarov? Was he doomed to catharsis of his theories, or was he a luminary worthy of regard and acceptance? Evgeny Bazarov was born into a household of a modest provincial physician. Turgenev provides no information about Bazarov # 8217 ; s life before his reaching in Maryino, but it can be guessed that the life of a less-than-richly endowed medical pupil in St. Petersburg must hold involved countless adversities. Fyodor Dostoyevsky # 8217 ; s Crime and Punishmenthas provided considerable penetration into the life of immature bookmans at that clip, and it is more than sensible to surmise that Bazarov # 8217 ; s life was no lupus erythematosus of a challenge than it was for Dostoyevsky # 8217 ; s Rodion Raskolnikov. This asceticism of life style, combined with his dedicated academic chases, has made Bazarov into a rigorous empiricist, a staunch practitioner, and a unmerciful sceptic. Personal experience became his lone acceptable signifier of find. His actions were governed by nil other than rational logical thinking ; sentiments and passions were trampled by the ironfisted giant of his dogged mind. Unfortunately, the power of Bazarov # 8217 ; s mind played a ill-mannered gag on the immature pseudo-philosopher. His refusal to admit any authorization besides meant his failure to acknowledge that possibly he was non the wisest individual in the universe. # 8220 ; When I meet a adult male who can keep his ain beside me, so I # 8217 ; ll alter my sentiment of myself, # 8221 ; says Bazarov. Clearly, he is blindly infatuated with the thought of his ain illustriousness. Pavel Kirsanov comments this trait in Bazarov # 8217 ; s character as # 8220 ; Satanic pride # 8221 ; . Possibly, this super-egotistic compulsion with self-righteousness was fueled by his comrade, Arkady. The immature Kirsanov, hardly 23 old ages of age, seemingly had non yet formed a sound system of ethical motives and values and was drawn into discipleship of nihilism chiefly by the power of Bazarov # 8217 ; s personal appeal and the # 8220 ; freshness # 8221 ; of the nihilists # 8217 ; thoughts, instead than their esthesia. Arkady is a individual missing character and devoid of an independent rational anchor. He invariably needs person # 8217 ; s support and Bazarov merely happens to be graphic plenty a personality to pull such a simple life signifier as Arkady. Over the class of their friendly relationship, Arkady breathes every word spoken by his sensei, rarely exposing marks of independent idea. He delightfully rejects authorization, but his nihilistic ardor is non sincere ; Arkady semi-consciously follows his friend, who quietly and equivocally ridicules him as a hypocrite, for Bazarov knows that Arkady # 8217 ; s subscription to nihilism is really strongly contradicted b y his demeanour, and his frequent shows of feelings and emotions. But why does Bazarov non abdicate this friendly relationship? Why does he digest the company of Arkady, this dim dissembler, and why does he hold to go to Maryino? Well, there was no ground non to. As devoted to work and science as Bazarov was, he saw no injury in passing a small clip in the mellow and pleasant state estate of his immature friends # 8217 ; parent. Furthermore, Bazarov yet once more pursues a selfish motivation by holding to go to Maryino: he dreads ennui, which would likely devour him at his true finish, his ain parents # 8217 ; homestead. Although it appears to be apprehensible why such an intelligent and developed figure as Bazarov would seek to avoid drawn-out periods of sole contact with simpler people # 8211 ; they bore him. But it besides seems that Bazarov, in general, feels most comfy around people who inherently have no capableness to face him and oppugn his maximalistic mottos. He enjoys the company of the local childs in Maryino and delightfully explains his work in dissecting toads ; Arkady is his friend because he is harmless ; he even tries to score Fenechka, that diffident and timid adult female, during his concluding visit at the Kirsanovs # 8217 ; . One manner to explicate these gravitative inclinations is by a hypothesis that Bazarov felt vulnerable as a nihilist. The ordinary people around him invariably challenged his thoughts, and Bazarov # 8217 ; s two rudimenta ry reactions were to either withdraw and avoid these arguments, as it normally was in his brushs with Pavel Kirsanov, or to prosecute in all-out verbal scrimmages with his aggressors, who oftentimes sound more sensible than the aggressive nihilist. Bazarov becomes consumed by his ain prevarications. By so ferociously abdicating authorization, rules, and norms, he contradicts himself. Harmonizing to him, poesy is a nil but romantic bunk, music is a waste of clip, esteem of nature is following to hallucinating. Consumed by his fabricated theories, Bazarov fails ( or refuses ) to recognize that by randomly denying these and other of course bing properties of the society and people, he disaffirms his ain dedication to empiricist philosophy. Bazarov # 8217 ; s belief in chemical science attests to the exact antonym of what he asserts. Chemistry is simply a scientific discipline that examines the interaction between atoms ; it does non compose the Torahs of these interactions. Similarly, the universe is constructed with its rules of interactions between people within the society. Therefore, by declining to acknowledge the implicit in order of the society and going a nihilist, Bazarov puts himself in danger of someday confronting a p ainful disclosure. His relentless battle against the ideals and the dreamers has transformed his really self into an dreamer. By assailing all rules already so solidly embedded in the society, he makes himself an writer of merely another set of ideals, values, and rules. # 8220 ; Thou shalt non bask the nature, music, poesy, or love! Thou shalt bask Stoff und Kraftand chemical science! # 8221 ; is a possible quotation mark relatable to Bazarov through paraphrasing of his loud claims. But it is unusual that such an intelligent adult male as Bazarov could non understand that by striping people of their common beginnings of enjoyment and felicity, he was sermonising about a universe edge for suicide. For it is rather clear that the more harmless beginnings of felicity every individual finds in his or her life, the better and safer the universe will be for the society as a whole. Strongly intoxicated by his ain glare and without understanding his error, Bazarov found the audaciousness and audacity to inquiry and ridicule the natural order of his society at the clip. His pursuit for reform basically was a trip to the morning of human race, to the prehistoric times of individualistic moralss ( or absence thereof ) and an effort to redesign the jurisprudence of the universe, the jurisprudence that constructed itself over the centuries and evolved as an environmental force much excessively strong for a simple dreamer like Bazarov to prosecute. # 8220 ; Fathers and Sons # 8221 ; is similar to a Sophoclean calamity, in which the chief character, Bazarov, follows a line that involves most of the properties of a existent tragic hero, as lineation in Grecian play: hubris, an anagnorisis, and a katharsis. His hubris was the titanic pride and disdain for excessively many of the universe # 8217 ; s rules. His unsuccessful relationship with Odintsova, nevertheless, forced him to admit the folly of his roseola evangelizations. Consistent with his ain old statement that # 8220 ; he will reexamine his ain individual when he finds person who can confront him # 8221 ; , Bazarov experiences his anagnorisis when he undergoes a extremist alteration of doctrine after all of his nihilistic thoughts are put to doubt. Bazarov the Empiricist informants through empirical observationthe dismantlement of his longtime theories when he falls in love with the first individual capable of standing up to him, Anna Odintsova. But tragically, the dis closure comes to Bazarov merely when he is on his deathbed, losing clasp of his mighty mind. Too tardily! he acknowledges the truth about his lame # 8220 ; palace made of sand that melted into the sea # 8221 ; when he confessed love to Anna. Even after yet another version of the reading of Bazarov # 8217 ; s narrative is presented, it is still ill-defined whether Bazarov # 8217 ; s decease was an accident or the firm nihilist # 8217 ; s deliberate going from the universe he refused to esteem and acknowledge as his. But what would go on if the physician whom Bazarov was helping during that necropsy didhold the antibiotic to salvage Bazarov from the typhus infection? Would he abandon his brave nihilistic ideals? The reply, I believe, is yes. Bazarovism is an perfectly unsustainable school of idea in human society, and Bazarov # 8217 ; s ain illustration serves as solid grounds for that. Through extrapolation of Evgeny # 8217 ; s persona onto the background of the 20th century, it becomes even clearer that elements like Mr. Bazarov would happen themselves dysfunctional and rejected by the society. Furthermore, a Bazarov-like individual who believes in nil but the empirical would be exposed to excessively many inauspici ous and destructive influences that merely our parents # 8217 ; counsel can assist avoid: drugs, unprotected sex, etc. Therefore, if Turgenev allowed Eugeny to populate as an equal member of the society, so merely like Dostoyevsky # 8217 ; s Raskolnikov, he, excessively, would hold abandoned his vernal fury and joined the society of sensible people.

The Health Belief Model and Barriers - Click to Get Solution

Question: Task 1: Using notes from lectures/independent research produce a 1250 word essay outlining the concept of risky lifestyle behavior with reference to the health belief model and barriers that prevent people engaging in healthy behaviour. The essay should also analyse and examine at least three different factors affecting behavior related to sexual health (e.g. the effect of upbringing on risky sexual behavior). In doing so the strengths and limitations of the research you present in your essay should be examined. Task 2: Using notes from lectures and independent research produce a 750 word essay that analyses the biological explanations behind drug addiction. Your essay should also define what drug addiction is. Ensure you choose at least two explanations and evaluate them. Task 3: Using notes from lectures and independent research produce a 500 word piece of writing that describes and evaluates at least two therapies or treatments. Answer: Task 1 The most common risky lifestyle behavior include behaviors contributing unintentional injuries, violence, sexual behaviors leading to unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases, psychoactive drug use, using tobacco and unhealthy dietary behavior and inadequate physical activity which are common in most of the young generation individuals. The unintentional injuries or violence can lead to the domestic violence (Gerend Shepherd, 2012). Inadequate physical activity and unhealthy dietary behaviors enhance the risk of obesity and cardiovascular disease along with some psychological disorders including depression. Alcohol and tobacco use can have fatal impacts upon individuals life. One of the most common issues in teen age is unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases due to unprotected sex. According to the health belief model, the perceived severity, susceptibility, benefits and modified variables as well as the perceived barriers contributes to planning action against any kind therapeutic plan against a health problem. Perceived susceptibility is individuals opinion regarding the chance of getting a health issue. Perceived severity is the opinion about how serious the health issue and the consequences are. Perceived benefits include individuals belief about the efficiency of recommended action to decrease the risk of impact (Ayele et al., 2012). Perceived barriers are important consideration for gaining the best possible success from the intervention. The modifying factors can have significant impact upon occurrence of disease. According to the health belief model, the perceived barriers for engaging people with healthy behavior are lack of proper awareness about health behavior. For example, the lack of awareness about the sexual transmission disease and use of condom, the STDs like HIV, Hepatitis B, C are more likely to affect the individuals in rural areas. Alcohol consumption is another major issue which is mostly affects the young generation. Lack of health promotion and risk of experiencing the severity of the withdrawal symptoms which include anxiety, restlessness, irritability and temptation from others (Kim, Ahn No, 2012). There are several factors affecting the sexual health related behavior. The community or neighborhood factors which are associated with high rate of violence, substance abuse are likely to have poor health outcomes. On the other hand, school factors, academic achievement can help youth to make healthy sexual life. The family factors including family factors, economic status of family, supportive and responsive parenting can be positive factors contributing towards healthy sexual behavior of youth. In the case of relationship factors, a good interaction and communication with sexual partner can help to enhance the healthy sexual behavior. In this context, healthy sexual behavior would have a positive impact towards the children, as parents would be aware of the protective factors which they could convey to their children (Scarinci et al., 2012). Task 2 Drug addiction is a specific habit of some people repetitively using the particular drug which enhances the risk of disease and associated social and personal issues. The drug addiction has three phases of drug addiction, initiation, maintenance and relapse. The Biological model depicts that, an individual can be most susceptible to addiction during initiation phase, if they have predisposed biological vulnerability. On the other hand, due to genetic vulnerability can be triggered by the environmental stressors like diathesis stress (Lippke, Nigg Maddock, 2012). According to the genetic explanation, many family studies have been showed that there is possibility of genetic transmission of addictive nature. However, it has also been seen that genetics is not the only cause for predisposing addiction. The genetic explanation indicates that some individuals are more likely to be addicted than other due to the genetic predisposition. If an individual have genetic predisposition, the individual is more likely to maintain his habit of drug use and getting addicted. In contrast, the biological predisposition is less likely to contribute in maintaining addiction (Murray, Farrington Sekol, 2012). According to the biological model, people having addiction lose control over their activities. Studies showed that addiction is long-lasting brain disease with complex factors. The drug/alcohol hijacks the pleasure or reward circuits in their brain and pushes the individual to seek more and more drug. The biological model suggests that the neurobiological factors are important in maintaining the addiction. It can be explained with an example, while consuming nicotine, cocaine or alcohol, the compounds promotes the activity of reward and pleasure sites in brain including mesocorticolimbic dopamine pathway which stimulates the person to continuously seek for those drugs for pleasure. The same pathway, mesocorticolimbic dopamine pathway is involved in the relapse or reinforcement of addiction (Ersche et al., 2012). In genetic explanation, it has been investigated that the neurotransmitter which is usually related to addiction is dopamine. In its normal activity, the spontaneously active cells in mesolimbic dopamine system release small amount of dopamine for maintaining stable mood status and helps to balance the control system of body and the reward reinforcement system. According to Elliott, Huizinga and Menard (2012) nicotine has a significant effect upon be increased level of dopamine secretion. Individuals having a mutated inherited gene in mesolimbic dopamine pathway are more likely to develop and maintain addiction, as argued by (Gorwood et al., 2012). It has been revealed that the opioid system in brain has a significant role in maintaining addictive behavior. This system secretes enkephalin and endorphins, two opioid neurotransmitters at the status of pleasure which is stimulated by nicotine, cocaine and other related drugs. It has also been analyzed that active smokers experience strong stimulation even when they see a packet of cigarette, it is done by the activation of ventral striatum which is the site of rewarding feeling. It has also seen that long term consumption of alcohol interrupt the opioid system. Another factor that motivates the addiction process is the experience of winning. Holmes (2012) found that, after experience of winning, dopamine and noradrenaline levels are raised which are released at excited or stressed status. Evaluating these models, dopamine Has been found to be linked with dependency and this information can be used in manufacturing drugs which reduces dopamine production. Task 3 Therapy or treatment is referred to the medical procedures which are used for lowering the symptoms and severity of any kind of physical or psychological disorder. Drug addiction can be seen as the health risk behavior which has a link with the psychological disorder. The therapies or treatment of the drug addiction include both the behavioral therapy which is based on the psychological treatment and the pharmacotherapy related to physical therapy. The primary goal of the drug addiction prevention treatment is to prevent the relapse of drug addiction and rehabilitation (McGregor Bowen, 2012). One treatment or therapy for the prevention of drug addiction is through the usage of medication for. This therapy sets the primary goal for preventing relapse, abstinence and rehabilitation. This therapy is useful at the initial stage of addiction for helping the individual suffering from chemical dependency and effects of withdrawal. The reduction of withdrawal effect and chemical dependency at the initial stage is known as the process of detoxification. The medications which are used for detoxify varies within individual to individual (Connors et al., 2012). Individual having alcohol addiction can be treated with naltrexone which works by blocking the opioid receptors which is involved in the rewarding effects of consuming alcohol. Individuals having tobacco addiction are treated with bupropion and varenicline which helps in preventing the relapse of addiction. Acamprosate acts by reducing the long-lasting withdrawal symptoms including anxiety, insomnia and restlessness which indu ce the loss of cognitive thinking. Another common and mostly used therapy of treating addiction includes behavioral therapies. It is psychological treatments which include counseling for modifying individuals attitude and behavior, enhance healthy life skills. However, the effectiveness of this therapy has been shown to give the most promising result while used in a combination with the sedative and other medications specific for the particular kinds of medication. There are different types of behavioral therapies used effectively to treat the drug addiction. Sometimes patient is subjected to an entire program including different sessions of behavioral therapies. The program is established by the counselor through a person-centered care approach (Connors et al., 2012). The programs include: Cognitive behavioral therapy- it helps patients to recognize their health risk behaviors and learn skills for avoiding these behaviors along with the awareness about the coping strategies Multidimensional family therapy- It is planned for adolescents with drug addiction issues along with their family. The treatment aims to identify different stimulants for drug abuse patterns and based on which the plan is made for improving overall family functioning. Motivational interviewing- It influences individuals willingness for changing behavior and go one step ahead towards treatment, the therapy targets to improve the functioning of entire family. Motivational incentives- The positive reinforcement is targeted through this therapy for encouraging abstinence from drugs. In spite of these twp therapeutic branches, the therapeutic communication, short term residential treatment, recovery housing can be implemented based on the stage of drug addiction of the patient. Reference List Ayele, K., Tesfa, B., Abebe, L., Tilahun, T., Girma, E. (2012). Self care behavior among patients with diabetes in Harari, Eastern Ethiopia: the health belief model perspective.PLoS One,7(4), e35515. Connors, G. J., DiClemente, C. C., Velasquez, M. M., Donovan, D. M. (2012).Substance abuse treatment and the stages of change: Selecting and planning interventions. Guilford Press. Elliott, D. S., Huizinga, D., Menard, S. (2012).Multiple problem youth: Delinquency, substance use, and mental health problems. Springer Science Business Media. Ersche, K. D., Jones, P. S., Williams, G. B., Turton, A. J., Robbins, T. W., Bullmore, E. T. (2012). Abnormal brain structure implicated in stimulant drug addiction.Science,335(6068), 601-604. Gerend, M. A., Shepherd, J. E. (2012). Predicting human papillomavirus vaccine uptake in young adult women: Comparing the health belief model and theory of planned behavior.Annals of Behavioral Medicine,44(2), 171-180. Gorwood, P., Le Strat, Y., Ramoz, N., Dubertret, C., Moalic, J. M., Simonneau, M. (2012). Genetics of dopamine receptors and drug addiction.Human genetics,131(6), 803-822. Holmes, D. (2012). Prescription drug addiction: the treatment challenge.The Lancet,379(9810), 17-18. Kim, H. S., Ahn, J., No, J. K. (2012). Applying the Health Belief Model to college students' health behavior.Nutrition research and practice,6(6), 551-558. Lippke, S., Nigg, C. R., Maddock, J. E. (2012). Health-promoting and health-risk behaviors: theory-driven analyses of multiple health behavior change in three international samples.International journal of behavioral medicine,19(1), 1-13. McGregor, I. S., Bowen, M. T. (2012). Breaking the loop: oxytocin as a potential treatment for drug addiction.Hormones and behavior,61(3), 331-339. Murray, J., Farrington, D. P., Sekol, I. (2012). Children's antisocial behavior, mental health, drug use, and educational performance after parental incarceration: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychological bulletin,138(2), 175. Scarinci, I. C., Bandura, L., Hidalgo, B., Cherrington, A. (2012). Development of a theory-based (PEN-3 and health belief model), culturally relevant intervention on cervical cancer prevention among Latina immigrants using intervention mapping.Health Promotion Practice,13(1), 29-40.

PayPal Donations with WordPress - How to Allow Them

Looking for a new way to monetize a WordPress blog? Then why not accept PayPal donations with WordPress, so that your audience can show their appreciation for your efforts. Its super-easy to setup, plus everyone has PayPal.Admittedly, this approach probably wont make you rich overnight. However, if your website doesnt naturally lend itself to generating ad revenues, selling products, and you have no services to offer, donations could be the best monetization option you have or, if you run a non-profit, donations naturally align with your sites goals.And even if you do have other monetization strategies, you still shouldnt turn your nose up at donations its more money in your pocket, with no extra effort on your part. Even if visitor contributions only cover your sites running costs, every little helps, right?Donations can also strengthen your bond with your audience. Every donation you receive means someone has dipped into their pockets to compliment the job youre doing and the exc ellent, actionable content you write so expect a warm, fuzzy glow with every one. Visitors who donate are likely to feel like theyve contributed to your website, too, so expect them to become loyal followers.Today, I want to show you how to add PayPal donation buttons to any WordPress website, and thus collect PayPal donations with WordPress.Ill be using the PayPal Donations plugin, which you can download for free from the WordPress repository: PayPal Donations Author(s): Tips and Tricks HQ, Johan SteenCurrent Version: 1.9.5Last Updated: May 1, 2019paypal-donations.zip 100%Ratings 655,874Downloads WP 3.0+Requires How to accept PayPal donations with WordPressTo start, we need to install the plugin. Access the WordPress dashboard, then head to Plugins / Add New. From here, search for PayPal Donations and hit enter. Youre looking for the first plugin returned hint: its the one by Tips and Tricks HQ and Johan Steen.Found it? Now press Install Now / Activate Plugin.Now you need to navigate to Settings / PayPal Donations to configure the plugin and design your donation button. This is the general settings screen you will see:The first field, PayPal Account, is by far the most important. Its here that you need to input your PayPal email address or your Secure Merchant ID (found by logging into PayPal, then navigating to Profile / Profile and Settings). Double check you typed this field correctly, as this is where all donations are sent!Directly below, you can choose your preferred currency. Again, make sure this field is correct, as PayPal can apply some pretty hefty fees for any transactions not in your default currency.The next step on your way to allowing PayPal donations with WordPress is to setup your page style, which is done via the PayPal dashboard. Log into PayPal, then head to Profile / Profile and Settings / My Selling Preferences. Find the Payment Pages option, then hit Update. (The route to this page may vary depending on what country your PayP al account was registered.)Here, youll be able to customize the default payment page, or create a new one from scratch by selecting Add. You can upload your own logo, add a header image, and change background images and colors. The design will still be relatively basic, but it will at least reflect your branding.When youre done, return to the PayPal Donations settings screen, and paste the name of your custom payment page. Directly below, you can also select where customers are returned post-donation I recommend creating a dedicated Thank You page.Next, we have another important section: choosing the default deposit amount. The amount chosen will have a significant psychological impact on your visitors, so choose wisely pitch too high and you will appear greedy and put potential donators off; too low, and youre leaving money on the table.I think the price of a cup of coffee is about the right amount, possibly reaching as high as $10. Or, if you dont want to influence your readersh ip in any shape or form, you can leave this field blank.At the bottom of this screen, youll be able to select your button style. The screenshot below displays the three options available to you, all instantly recognizable as PayPal buttons. If youd prefer to flex your creative muscles, you can also upload a custom image to act as your donation button.When youre done, hit Save Changes.There is a second tab, Advanced, with several optional fields for you to configure including disabling PayPal statistics, opening PayPal in a new tab, and enabling sandbox mode for testing purposes. Each option is activated by ticking the relevant checkbox, then clicking Save Changes.At this point, we have a fully configured plugin! Now its time for the fun part: adding PayPal donations buttons to your website.The PayPal Donations plugin offers two options: widget or shortcode.The widget option lets you add a donate button to any dedicated widget space such as a footer or sidebar section. This is perf ect for achieving maximum visibility, as your donation button will be seen on every page.To add a donation button in this way, navigate to Appearance / Widgets. Find the PayPal Donations widget, then using drag-and-drop, place it into the relevant widget space:Now, youll be able to add a title for the widget, plus some text to encourage PayPal donations with WordPress:Once youve placed the widget, it will look something like this on your website:Tip: most themes will automatically left-align the donate button, which can look a little clumsy. If youd like to center-align the button, navigate to Settings / PayPal Donations / Advanced and tick the Theme CSS Override: Center Button option.The alternative is copying and pasting a simple shortcode [paypal-donation]. This will create a donation button using the settings you configured earlier. However, you can modify the shortcode to alter the default settings for several parameters, including the amount, button_url, and return_page for example: [paypal-donation amount:"5"]This is the more flexible of the two options, as it allows you to dot donation buttons throughout your content and anywhere else on your site.Final thoughtsAnd that concludes todays tutorial on how to allow PayPal donations with WordPress through simple buttons. If you want to diversify your revenue streams, give it a go!Have you had any success accepting PayPal donations from your visitors? Share your experiences in the comments below!

Field study Essay Example

Field study Essay Example Field study Essay Field study Essay How they move, walk, run go up the stairs, etc. 2. Are gross movements clumsy or deliberate/smooth? 3. How about their fine motor skills? Writing, drawing, etc. 1. Describe how they interact with teachers and other adults. 2. Note how they also interact with peers. What do they talk about? What are their concerns? Emotional 1 . Describe the emotional disposition or temperament of the learners. (happy, sad, easily cries, mood-shifts) 2. How do they express their wants/needs? Can they wait? 3. How do they handle frustrations? 4. Describe their level of confidence as shown in their behavior. Are they self- unconscious? Cognitive 1 . Describe their ability to use words to communicate their ideas. Note their language proficiency. 2. Describe how they figure out things. Do they comprehend easily? Look for evidence of their thinking skills. 3. Were their opportunities for problem solving? Describe how did they show problem solving abilities Record the data you gathered about the learners characteristics and needs in this matrix. This will allow you to compare the characteristics and needs of learners at different levels. The items under each domain are by no means exhaustive. These are just sample indicators. You may add other aspects which you may have observed. Development Domain Preschooler (Indicate age range of children observed: Elementary (Indicate age range of children observed: 11 to 13 Highlights Indicate age range of children observed: Gross-motor skills Fine-motor skills Self-help skills Others In terms of their gross-motor skills they are very much active, energetic and sometimes hyper. In terms of their fine motor skills, some can be able to write well in cursive but some cannot fast. : In terms of self-help skills I think their household skills re developing. Interaction with Teachers Interaction with classmates/friends Interests All of them believes more than their parents so they teachers even though there are some who cannot. All of them are friendly to their classmates but there are times that they tease their classmates. They are interested in reading books and listening to stories. Moods and temperament, expression of feelings Emotional independence They are sometimes moody, but they have a wide span of attention and they are able to express their feelings through expressing it verbally. Almost all of them work independently but others sometimes depend from their classmates. Cognitive Communication Skills Thinking Skills Problem-solving In terms of their communication skills they can communicate very well in Filipino language than English language. Since all of them belong to fast learner class, they are all able to apply the ideas they gained with other exercises. Your Analysis Write the most salient developmental characteristics of the learners you observed. Based on these characteristics, think of implications for the teacher. Example: Level Salient Characteristics Observed Preschool Age range of Learners Observed Preschoolers like to move around a lot. Therefore, the teacher should remember to use music and movement activities not just in PEE but in all subject areas. Therefore, teachers should not expect preschoolers to stay seated for a long period of time. Write your own observation here. Implications to the Teaching-Learning Process Age range of learners observed Age range of learners observed: 1 1 to 13 years old Elementary students like to play games, read books and they also showing a high level of motor skills. Teacher should include games as motivation in class to settle the interest of the learners to learn. The teacher should expect that the fine motors of the students needs more practice to develop it. Highlights Your Reflections 1 . While you were observing the learners, What did you recall in your own experiences when you were their age? What similarities or differences do you have with the learners you observed? During the observation period, while I am observing the learners I did recall of my experiences when I was at their age. Although I was not able to recall all it served as a lesson for me. The experiences I recalled much is my experience in reporting, sessions, and all my unpleasant deeds during my elementary years. Well, all of this are similar to the learners I have observed. Although, I was not able to experience 2. Think of a teacher you cannot forget for positive or negative reasons. How did she/ he help or not help you with your needs (physical, emotional, social, cognitive)? How did it affect you? Mrs.. Kinky O. Genie, my English teacher, is the most unforgettable instructor in my Elementary days. It is because she helped me a lot in developing my emotional and social development. But she helped me more in terms of my academic excellence herein she gave me advice on how to improve my studies and these helped me a lot. Thats why I considered her as my unforgettable teacher. So, because of her I have attained several accomplishment in my life as a student. 3. Which is your favorite theory of development? How can this guide you as a future teacher? My favorite theory of development is Piglets Theory of cognitive development because it gives a full details of development from infancy to adolescence, wherein it has four stages, the seniority stage, pre-operational stage, concrete-operational, formal operational stage. As a prospective teacher someday, I will use this theory of development as my guide in preparing the appropriate and necessary strategies and materials for learners. This theory also suggests in giving students opportunities in exploring many hypothetical questions wherein it requires them to think comprehensively. 4. Share your insights here. In this observation I have learned that appreciation of effort is important. Equality and fairness in class must prevail. The teacher must be concern not Just to a few but to all her students. And lastly, encouragement must be present at all times in a class setting.

Preserving Knowledge for Future Generation Essay

Preserving Knowledge for Future Generation - Essay Example Preserving Knowledge for Future Generation One of the major treasures that have been destroyed in the process of these disasters is intellectual property and information. Information impacts knowledge to the society and carries a lot of power especially given its capability to influence generations as well as providing continuity in a society. In an attempt to secure knowledge, the current generation has widely advanced and used technology to ensure that information of whichever form is preserved and retrieved when required. Electronic sources are now being used to store whatever knowledge is available. However, the information already lost remains irretrievable thereby creating an inconsistency of knowledge over generations. Quite a big chunk of the historic knowledge has been lost through disasters making us deficient of it and unable to decipher what it was all about. Library destruction has been an issue that has denied the current society of the need to link modernity with some historic knowledge. These destructions have been under the influence of human intents based on certain motivations or just by accident. Human-made activities make the bulk of the destroyed books and other knowledge carrying materials. There are key incidences in history that have led to massive destruction of knowledge. Firstly, the destruction of the Library of Alexandria in the ancient Egypt is one of the landmark knowledge losses in the early history. It is reported that the library contained a collection of many works to the extent of attracting the earlier scholars who are said to have converted the library to be their study base. Many papyrus scrolls and books not only had massive information about the early culture but also knowledge based on religion, philosophy, and economics among other areas. Being one of the early centers of civilization and the proximity with Rome and Greece provided a perfect location knowledge sharing and acquisition. It is not clear whether the library was destroyed by fire or several destruc tive events but it was completely ruined with all the knowledge it carried. Closely related to it was the Library of the Serapeum that became the alternative of the early scholars after the one in Alexandria was destroyed. This library was too destroyed by burning and looting of the resources thereof. Some reports have indicated that the destruction of the library was catalyzed by the order given by Theodosius I, making the library to be burnt to ashes. This led to destruction of the books and scrolls that had remained from the destruction of the Library of Alexandria. The cultural knowledge was the main victim of the two incidences in early Egypt. Another ancient incidence that caused destruction of a wealth of resourceful information is the destruction of Nalanda in India around 1193 AD. Nalanda was one the revered religious learning centers in India; highly regarded for the position that it had given Buddhism. It had wealth of knowledge contained in books that attracted people fr om as far as China, Persia, Greece and Tibet. The great library was destroyed in a war by Muslim army from Turkey, they set fire on it and is reported to have destroyed all the documents and books contained therein. The library was so big that it burnt for almost three months. Apart from the loss of the knowledge that was present in the library resources, the culture as well as Buddhism was adversely affected. In addition, religious affiliated

1000 words Health Promotion in the Workplace Essay

1000 words Health Promotion in the Workplace - Essay Example Legislations are the rules that the government creates and imposes them on all health care organizations (Ashcroft, 2007). The state does this to ensure that health care givers treat patients using the safest methods. Legislations also help to protect the rights of both patients and health care givers. Ethical issues, on the other hand, are standards that help to determine actions that may be accepted by the society (Scriven, 2010). Ethical considerations help to emphasize and complement legislations. This means that health promoters use ethics whether there are legislations or not. This is because both ethics and legislations support one another when they exist, and when one is absent, the other is applicable (Seedhouse, 2009). For example, when an individual is suffering from type 2 diabetes, ethical considerations require health care givers to maintain the confidentiality of the disease between them and patients. Legislation on the other hand prevents individuals from compelling others to inform when they are suffering from illnesses such as type 2 diabetes. State legislations help to safeguard patients from being discriminated against and from being provided with poor services in health care centres. For example, the â€Å"Equality Act of 2010† protects diabetes victims from being shown prejudice at the workplace (Kronenfeld, 2012). This rule requires employers to give diabetes patients equal employment opportunities like others who do not suffer from the illness. Legislations also enable diabetes patients to enjoy the freedom of autonomy by requiring health providers to maintain the confidentiality of patient’s information. Health care givers are not supposed to expose the diabetes condition of a patient without the consent of that recipient (Ham, 2009). Health care givers also have the right to maintain the confidentiality of their condition when they suffer

Company Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Company Law - Essay Example The essay starts by outlining the essence of the law of separate corporate personality. This will be followed by an outline of the case of John who is an employee of Diamond Car Sales as well as application of this law to the case. The essay will also look at the circumstances under which the corporate veil can be pierced. The main body of the paper will give a critical analysis of the facts that can lead the court to pierce the issue of corporate veil in certain instance. Essence of separate corporate personality Cillers et al (2004), state that an association of persons or an organised body can acquire legal personality by way of separate Act. Thus, when the company is formed as a separate entity, it acquires the capacity and authority to have its own rights and duties (Gibson, 1988). Thus, once the company has been incorporated, it can be viewed as a separate or independent person with rights and liabilities that it chooses for itself. This is reflected by the case of Salomon v Sa lomon& Co [1897] AC 22 (Hl). Salomon is the sole owner of the once glamorous company and he decides to turn the business venture into a limited company having realised that it had great potential. As such, Salomon got ?10Â  000 in debentures from the shareholders which were acquired through a bond of the company’s assets. ... This may involve creating a brand name for the company that is used as a source of identity which makes the company different from other enterprises. In as far as the aspect of corporate personality is concerned, it can be noted that the aim of the law is concerned with protecting the interests of the company since it is treated like an individual person with legal rights. For instance, Diamond Car sales built a strong corporate personality where it even went on to categorically state that there was no person who would directly compete with it after leaving the company within the first six months of termination of the contract. Situational analysis John is works for Diamond Car Sales and his contract states that upon termination of his employment, he cannot start a business that directly competes with Diamond Car Sales for a period of six months after the termination of his contract. Apparently, John’s contract is terminated and he decides to go into business straight away des pite the provisions of his contract. Fearful of the provisions of the principle of "Separate Corporate Personality" John wants to know if he can operate a business. John decides to set up a company with his son and it competes with Diamond Car Sales. However, John is neither a director nor shareholder of the new company, but he runs the business and everyone refers to him as "the boss." Against this background, this paper seeks to critically analyse the authenticity of Diamond Car Sales’ warning to John to cease trading or they will opt for legal action in order to stop him from trading in direct competition with the company. Case analysis In this

Case Study And A Oncology Health Assessment

Case Study And A Oncology Health Assessment This case study concerns a patient, Mrs. Singh who is diagnosed with stomach cancer and is being managed with chemotherapy. Mrs. Singh, a 78yr. old female, presents to the oncology center with the chief complaint of feeling weak and hugging the wall while walking. Mrs. Singh is a known diabetic, and was accompanied by her daughter to the clinic. A thorough focused health history accompanied by a focused physical examination was done to ascertain possible nursing diagnosis related to Mrs. Singhs presenting complaints, current diagnosis, and treatment used presently. Health History Using COLDSPA, this information obtained will allow for a focused health history of the presenting problem. (Weber Kelly 2007) Patients vital signs will be assessed temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respiration and oxygen saturation. Blood pressure in lying, sitting and standing will be assessed. If needed, (any nasal flaring, use of accessory muscle of respiration or difficulty breathing) oxygen via nasal cannula will be administered. The character of the weakness The onset when did the weakness begin, is it better or worse since it began? Location where exactly is the weakness, does it spread to other parts of the body? Duration how long does the weakness last, does it recur? Severity how bad is it on a scale of 1-10? Pattern what makes it better, what makes it worse? Associated factors what other symptoms accompany the weakness, is it possible to do work or engage in other activities such as leisure/exercise during this? (Weber Kelly 2007) A biographical data is part of the health history, and would be obtained prior to entering the center (see Appendix). However, key features that the nurse takes into account will be discussed. Weakness can be caused by a variety of medical conditions, such as: dehydration, stroke, myasthenia gravis (or other autoimmune disorders), electrolyte disturbances, anemia and infections. The obtaining of a current medical history and family history is vital in order to link other possible complications involved. (McGraw Hill Medical 2010) Assessment will be directed towards: neurological (combining musculoskeletal and peripheral), cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems (including nutritional). (Merck Manual 2010) Health History Mrs. Singhs chief complaint is a history of weakness, being unable to walk without hugging the wall. This weakness, according to Merck Manual (2010), may be due to the disease process of stomach cancer, diabetes mellitus as well as from the chemotherapy that she is presently having. Mrs. Singhs age, is an indication that she is postmenopausal, (Manson 2008), which can also contribute to her being weak as well as the possibility of hormonal treatment she may be receiving. (National Institute of Aging 2010) An inability to stand for long periods of time due to weakness is also a presenting symptomatology of menopause, according to Mayo clinic (2010) Mrs. Singh is a diabetic; this can cause weakness, due to diabetic polyneuropathy. However knowing the type of diabetes Mrs. Singh has will also assist the nurse in verifying the drugs Mrs. Singh is presently taking. Hypoglycemia can also present as weakness. These symptoms can be also related to an overdose of insulin (if insulin dependent) or other hypoglycemic agents as well as not eating on time. Blood glucose monitoring via a Diascan would be done at this point in time. Renal involvement will also be assessed as this may be secondary to DM. Electrolyte blood values will be assessed (Merck Manual 2010) Mrs. Singh is diagnosed with stomach cancer. Time of diagnosis as well as the management for the stomach cancer will be taken as part of the health history. This is very important, as the patient with stomach cancer may have had different types of surgery done to treat this. Also the staging and grading of the cancer is important to verify the possible metastatic sites. Endoscopic mucosal resection, subtotal or total gastrectomy with or without lymph node removal may cause complications afterwards, such as abdominal pain, gastro esophageal reflux, weakness related to vitamin deficiencies and inabsorption. (American Cancer Society 2009) Another study showed postoperative complications for stomach cancer resulted in cardiovascular complications, hemorrhaging, septic shock, anastomotic leakage and abdominal and wound infections. (Japanese Journal of clinical oncology 2010) Dumping syndrome can also result in extreme weakness, which may result from surgery for stomach cancer. This occurs as there is a rapid movement of nutrients directly into the small intestine. (Merck Manual 2010) The type of chemotherapy that Mrs. Singh is presently having as well as her compliance to it is also taken as part of the history. Chemotherapy drugs used for stomach cancer are: Fluorouracil Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Methotrexate, Etoposide, Cisplatin, Irinotecan, Paclitaxel, Docetaxel, Mitomycin C, Vinblastine, Cyclophosphamide, Cytarabine and Vincristine. Knowing the type of chemotherapy drug is relevant to assessing and monitoring possible side effects, even though most chemotherapy agents causes severe bone marrow depression leading to anemia. Methotrexate can lead to central neurotoxicity, Vincristine, peripheral neuropathy; together with Vincristine can cause serious weakness. (BC Cancer Drug Agency 2006) Cisplatin may lead to ototoxicity causing problems with balance, which Mrs. Singh may have as she is holding on to the wall to walk. Neurotoxicity is also caused by this drug, and may also contribute to severe weakness. Doxorubicin may cause cardiovascular abnormalities which may present as myocardial infarctions, causing weakness, an inability to stand and walk without assistance. This is treated as a medical emergency. Hence during cardiac assessment, a 12 lead ECG should be done to assess heart rhythm for pending supraventricular tachycardia, myocardial infarctions or other dysrhythmias. (BC Cancer Drug Agency 2006) Neurological assessment: level of consciousness, posture and body movement will be assessed. A score will then be obtained (G.C.S) in order to ascertain Mrs. Singhs neurologic status. Cranial nerve assessment will then be performed together with posture, all reflexes, mood, speech, facial expression and cognitive status. (Weber Kelly 2007) This will allow the nurse to ascertain whether the weakness is due to a neurological problem, as Mrs. Singh is a known diabetic. The use of the chemotherapeutic drugs can also affect her neurological status as well, hence the importance of this assessment. Observations for any stroke or history of same will be done. Drooping of face or any side of the body will be assessed for. Since Mrs. Singhs balance is affected, a thorough assessment for balance, using the Rombergs test would be done. (BC Cancer Drug Manual 2006) Gait and balance, together with strength of muscle and tone will be assessed. Nutritional assessment: Patient will be assessed for anorexia, dyspepsia, weight loss, abdominal pain, constipation, anemia, nausea and vomiting as these may all be related to the weakness she is experiencing. The daughter will be asked to answer as well as Mrs. Singh. (Weber Kelly 2007) Cardiovascular assessment Observation of the jugular veins for venous pulse and pressure would be done. Carotid arteries would be ascultated for bruits and palpated to determine the pulse. This can indicate hypovolemia, if the pulse is weak and may be associated with weakness. (Health Medicine 2010) The precordium will be inspected for any pulsations. Any heaves, lifts observed on the precordium, and abnormal pulsations palpated, may be an indication of an enlarged ventricle from an overload of work. This can be caused by chemotherapy agents such as doxorubicin (cardiotoxicity). Mrs. Singh being a diabetic as well could develop cardiac complications secondary to the diabetes. (Cecil 2002) Auscultation of heart rate, rhythm, heart sounds and extra heart sounds may be an indication of cardiac abnormalities such as aortic regurgitation. (Weber Kelly 2007) Nutritional status will be assessed, which will involve what is her daily intake: food and fluid, her weight will be assessed and compared to her baseline weight. Mrs. Singhs intake and output will be assessed in the last 24 hours with any supplements/ vitamins taken. For a vitamin deficiency can lead to peripheral neuropathy. Patients blood values as per laboratory chart will be assessed: hemoglobin levels, WBC count platelet levels for any abnormalities. Can pt. tolerate a full diet or what is the intake, what food can she eat or any changes in eating habits as well as presence of mucositis. Skin, hair and nails would also be assessed for dehydration. The patient will be asked if any bleeding was observed in stools. The nurse will assess occult blood in laboratory reports. (Weber Kelly 2007) Observation of body build, muscle mass and fat distribution will be taken in accordance to weight and height. (Body mass index). Assessment of Mrs. Singhs skin for turgor, moisture and venous filling will show fluid volume status. Observation of the neck veins will also identify fluid volume status. The tongue will be observed for hydration (furrows), as well as, the eyes position and coloration for signs of dehydration. Palpation of the eyeball will verify any dehydration. Auscultation of lung fields will identify any fluid present in the lung. (Weber Kelly 2007) Inspection of abdomen The abdomen will be observed for colour. A purple discoloration of the flanks will indicate bleeding within the abdominal wall. Abdomen will be inspected for jaundice (yellowing), paleness, swelling, hernias, abdominal movement, contour, symmetry, striae, vascularities, scars, lesions and rashes as well as, aortic palpations and peristaltic waves. Umbilicus will be inspected for colour, deviation from midline, contour. (Weber Kelly 2007) Auscultation of bowel sounds, vascular sounds and friction rubs over liver and spleen will be done. Absence of bowel sounds can ascertain any abdominal surgery being done or can be an emergency. Bruit over abdominal aorta, renal, femoral or iliac arteries may indicate an aneurysm. Friction rubs heard over liver or spleen may indicate metastases. (Weber Kelly 2007) Percussion of the abdomen is done for tone. Dullness over the liver or spleen may indicate hepatomegaly or splenomegaly. Measuring the span of liver and spleen will also allow the nurse to assess any decrease or increase in size from the normal. Light and deep palpation of the umbilicus, liver, aorta, spleen and kidneys would allow any masses to be verified which may be related to tumor growth or presence, aneurysms or metastases. Shifting dullness and fluid wave test will be done. (Weber Kelly 2007) Possible Nursing diagnoses Weakness related to diabetic polyneuropathy and side effects of chemotherapy (anemia) as evidenced by displayed weakness. Imbalance related to chemotherapy side effects as evidenced by pt. inability to stand. Nutritional imbalance: less than body requirements related to chemotherapy or G.I. surgery as evidenced by displayed weakness. Impaired physical mobility related to impaired balance as evidenced by Mrs. Singh hugging the wall to walk Powerlessness related to chemotherapy and inability to perform activities of daily living as evidenced by inability to maintain balance and walk (RN CENTRAL 2010) Conclusion A thorough health assessment of Mrs. Singh was done which included a focused health history as well as a focused physical assessment in order to formulate nursing diagnoses for appropriate nursing interventions and referrals to be made as immediate as possible. This allowed for the chief complaint to be logically analyzed for a plan of care to be developed for Mrs. Singh. A framework was provided (COLDSPA) as well as, scientific literature to validate all assumptions made.

Civil War Essays -- essays research papers

After the Civil War ended in 1865, the south was in total ruins. Houses were destroyed, crops were gone, and lives would never be the same again. It wouldn’t be until years after the war that people would get their lives back on track. Whites in the south now hated the blacks and still think they are inferior.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The process of rebuilding that followed the American Civil War was known as reconstruction. The war left a set of pressing questions concerning with what to do with the South. These questions involved the relationship with the former Confederate states and the Union; the type of punishment that should be imposed on the ones responsible for the rebellion; the status of the freed slaves and how to restore the South’s economy. President Lincoln, President Johnson and the Radical Republicans each had their own plans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lincoln started thinking about reconstruction as early as 1863. He wanted for 10 percent of the voters in each southern state to take an oath of loyalty to the United States. After this the state could form its own government. The government had to abolish slavery. After this was done the government could elect congressmen and participate in national politics. His plan was known to be lenient; many had opposed it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Unfortunately President Lincoln did not live to carry out all of his plans. A Democrat was elected into office and took over. The new president was Andrew John...

The history of special education

AbstractionThis essay will explicate how over the past 100 old ages particular instruction has become more diverse and invariably altering the manner handicapped pupils are being taught in public schools. How it views of the manner instructors are developing IEP programs for their pupils. I will explicate the different stages of particular instruction in its largest span of clip. It will discourse how the term† learned handicapped â€Å"was derived after it took the topographic point of phrase â€Å"brain injured† . And it will explicate the phases in which the IEP ‘s are developed and how a kid with particular demands should be taught to bring forth success. Additionally, this essay will discourse the tribunal instance of Brown v. Board of Education ‘s determination to demand that all particular demands kids be granted an chance to have a free and appropriate instruction. In past old ages people would lock their handicapped kids up in suites and insulate them from others because they were ashamed of them or because they were different and they did n't cognize how or what to make with them. This made affair worse, handicapped kids were left isolate and entirely, sometimes being abused physically and sexually, they were non considered human. This continued to go on until a few innovator, people who were advocators for kids with particular stood up for them and brought their instances to tribunal, but that ‘s something of the yesteryear now. The Torahs covering with particular instruction have changed for the better now. Particular instruction was one of the major country in instruction that was considered to be outraged and or considered to assist each other. Education for kids with acquisition jobs had emerged from no instruction for kids with particular demands to particular support for plans particularly for those persons with larning jobs. Mos tert, M. , & A ; Crokett, J. ( 2000, June ) The particular instruction for particular demands kids went through adult male Y phases before they were recognized by the tribunal systems. From 1800 ‘s to 1930 ‘s the first stage was called the foundation stage. This is when pupils who were identified and placed in particular instruction plans were treated and labeled as being brainsick, retarded, or encephalon dead. Some pupils were considered to hold some type of encephalon hurt because of the different research workers and surveies that have been performed on me. In the1930 ‘s to the 1960 ‘s. the passage stage began and this was considered to be the best clip of all time for these types of kids. They were taught were taught that they could n't truly assist these people. Researchers developed instruments for appraisals, analyzed specific types of larning jobs and besides presented a program for learning â€Å"brain injured† kids. At this phase the labeling of the kids with larning jobs was non every bit rough as â€Å"brain injured† . The pupils were called â€Å"children with minimum encephalon dysfunction† Then the turning stage for the instruction of pupils with larning jobs was subsequently called the Integration Phase which lasted from, 1960 ‘s to 1980 ‘s. Samuel Kirk, is responsible for the term â€Å"learning disabled† . He took those words and used it to replace the name of the first term â€Å"brain injury† . After this term took the topographic point of† encephalon injured† and minimum encephalon dysfunction† , it seemed like there was hope for kids with larning jobs. The U.S. legislative assembly began to acknowledge the rights of persons with disablements, which prevents schools from know aparting against particular needs pupils. The US legislative assembly Torahs demand that all of the rights be reserved for the rights of an person with particular demands to hold an appropriate instruction, even if the disablements are non covered under the particular needs jurisprudence. The instructors and pedagogues of particular needs pupils remain accountable for the appropriate instruction of these pupils, and they will be held accountable in the tribunal of jurisprudence even if it means losing their occup ation or locked up in gaol. Schools started set uping plans for the acquisition disabled. Support was provided for instructors to be trained in larning disablements. The most of import portion of the Integration Phase is the Education for All Handicapped Children Act ( PL 94-142 ) in 1975. This act was to guarantee that all pupils no affair what type of job they had would have a â€Å"free and appropriate public education.† ( IDEA, Individuals with Disabilities and Special Needs Act ) . The last stage is the Current Phase, from the 1980 ‘s to the present. One of the most of import stages in the plan is inclusion. Inclusion is when schools mainstream pupils into regular categories pupils with disablements in regular schoolrooms in their vicinity schools, with collaborative attempts and support services as needed for each single pupil. Another facet of the Current Phase is when the EMA of 1975 was written as IDEA in 1990. IDEA, persons with Disabilities Education Act, made it difficult to suspend or throw out pupil s with larning disablements because of their behaviour. IDEA besides required that each acquisition disabled kid have an IEP, Individual Education Plan. An IEP is a papers that must include current public presentation of the pupil, the one-year ends the pupils need to accomplish, particular instruction and related services. This Plan besides included the kid demands, engagement, if any, with nondisabled kids, alterations needed to take province trial, day of the months and topographic points of when and where particular services will be provided and the mensurating advancement of the kid, and any particular adjustments that the kid may necessitate. Before a pupil can hold an IEP, they foremost must be labeled as a pupil with a learning disablement. The parents, particular instruction instructors, the school counsel counsellor, regular instructor, the school ‘s psychologist, and the rule are ever notified and included in the programs for this meeting. There are phases to calculate out whether or non a kid has a learning disablement and need particular services. The first phase is detecting if a pupil is holding trouble in one or more capable countries. The following measure is to measure the kid ‘s suspected disablement country, but before this can take topographic point the school must have permission from the parents to measure the kid. The eligibility is decided by a group of qualified professionals along with the parent to find if the kid has a disablement defined in IDEA. If the kid is found eligible, the IEP squad will run into to discourse and compose and IEP for the handicapped kid within 30 yearss of the pupil being identified as handicapped. The IEP squad meeting is held and the IEP is written in collaborative attempts from all members of the IEP squad. ( U.S. Department of Education, 20, Feb, 2001 ) Services are so provided for the pupil. At the terminal of the twelvemonth, advancement is measured and the IEP is r eviewed. After this procedure takes topographic point, every three old ages the pupil is reevaluated. By jurisprudence certain persons must be involved in the authorship of a kid ‘s Individual Education Program. Parents must be involved because they know their kid and what their kid may necessitate. Regular instruction instructors, if the pupil will be mainstreamed into regular schoolrooms some clip during the twenty-four hours, are a demand on the squad, because they know the general course of study of the pupil. They besides have cognition of how to manage pupils with behavior jobs. The following member of the IEP squad should be a particular instruction instructor. This individual will be able to lend their cognition in how to modify general course of study and proving to assist the particular demands kid learn and demo what they have learned. The particular instruction instructor besides has the duty to learn the pupil and transport out the IEP procedure. The persons invol ved in the IEP squad are single who can construe ratings result ‘s, represent the school system, persons with cognition of particular expertness about the kid ‘s, representatives from transitional service bureaus and the pupil who the IEP is being written for. In decision, particular instruction has gone through many stages and phases of the manner a kid should be taught in the past decennary. The jurisprudence has made a way for those with larning jobs and now there is non halting them. Children with larning disablements eventually have a opportunity to stand out in school and the Torahs have made it possible for them to take advantage of the chances for them to hold normal life.

motorola essays

motorola essays Since it first entered the competitive electronic firm market, Motorola has continued to remain successfully as a world leader in mobile communication technology, ranking as the leading maker of cellular telephones, paging devices, automotive semi-conductors, and microchips that are used to operate devices other than computers. Although it has lost a few battles, Motorola has taken on the Japanese head to head, through these times of Japanese competition. In the 1980s Motorola controlled the emerging U.S, Market for cellular phones and pagers but they werent aggressively focused on competing with the Japanese, even though Japanese firms began to flood the U.S. market with low-priced, high-quality telephones and pagers, leaving Motorola pushed into the background. This is when Motorola heard the call to battle. Managers at first were not sure how they should respond, so they originally decided to abandon some business areas and even considered merging their own semiconductor operati ons with those of Toshiba. After a lot of searching they decided to fight back and regain the firms lost market position. This fight involved two main strategies: First learn from the Japanese, and then compete with them. To carry out these strategies, Motorola executives decided to to set a number of broad based goals that essentially committed the firm to lowering costs, improving quality, and regaining lost market share. Managers were then sent out on missions, mainly focused on Japan, to learn how to compete better. Some manager even observed Motorolas own Japanese operations to learn and understand how it fully functioned; while others focused more on how other successful Japanese firms operated. At the same time, the firm also drastically boosted its budget, R&D, and employee training worldwide. One important thing that executives learned from their trip to Japan after viewing a flag flying outside one of its plants...

How Glow in the Dark Stuff Works

How Glow in the Dark Stuff Works Have you ever wondered how glow in the dark stuff works? Im talking about materials that truly glow after you turn out the lights, not the ones that glow under black light or ultraviolet light, which are really just converting invisible high energy light into a lower energy form visible to your eyes. There are also items that glow because of ongoing chemical reactions that produce light, like the chemiluminescence of glow sticks. There are also bioluminescent materials, where the glow is caused by biochemical reactions in living cells, and glowing radioactive materials, which may emit photons or glow because of heat. These things glow, but how about glowing paints or the stars you can stick on the ceiling? Things Glow Because of Phosphorescence Stars and paint and glowing plastic beads glow from phosphorescence. This is a process in which a material absorbs energy and then slowly releases it in the form of visible light. Fluorescent materials glow via a similar process, but fluorescent materials release light within fractions of a second or seconds, which is not long enough to glow for most practical purposes. In the past, most glow in the dark products were made using zinc sulfide. The compound absorbed energy and then slowly released it over time. The energy wasnt really something you could see, so additional chemicals called phosphors were added to enhance the glow and add color. Phosphors take the energy and convert it into visible light. Modern glow in the dark stuff uses strontium aluminate instead of zinc sulfide. It stores and releases about 10 times more light than the zinc sulfide and its glow last longer. The rare earth europium is often added to enhance the glow. The modern paints are durable and water-resistant, so they can be used for outdoor decorations and fishing lures and not just jewelry and plastic stars. Why Glow in the Dark Things Are Green There are two main reasons why glow in the dark stuff mostly glows in green. The first reason is because the human eye is particularly sensitive to green light, so green appears brightest to us. Manufacturers choose phosphors that emit green to get the brightest apparent glow. The other reason green is a common color is because the most common affordable and non-toxic phosphor glows green. The green phosphor also glows the longest. Its simple safety and economics! To some extent there is a third reason green is the most common color. The green phosphor can absorb a wide range of wavelengths of light to produce a glow, so the material can be charged under sunlight or strong indoor light. Many other colors of phosphors require specific wavelengths of light to work. Usually, this is ultraviolet light.To get these colors to work (e.g., purple), you need to expose the glowing material to UV light. In fact, some colors lose their charge when exposed to sunlight or daylight, so they arent as easy or fun for people to use. Green is easy to charge, long-lasting, and bright. However, the modern aqua blue color rivals green in all of these aspects. Colors that either require a specific wavelength to charge, dont glow brightly, or need frequent recharging include red, purple, and orange. New phosphors are always being developed, so you can expect constant improvements in products. List of Things That Really Glow in the Dark

International Dispute Resolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

International Dispute Resolution - Essay Example As the paper declares arbitration whether in domestic or international context, is a private system of adjudication by which parties to the dispute decide to resolve their differences outside any judicial system. Invariably, decision handed out in arbitration is final and binding. and the award can be enforced in a national court. The deciding persons who are called arbitrators act as sole arbitrators or multiple arbitrators usually three chosen by the parties. While each party chooses its own arbitrator, where there are two parties, the two arbitrators chosen by them elect a presiding arbitrator and their majority decision will be binding. The arbitration can be adhoc or administered by an international arbitral institution. If adhoc, there will be no institutional involvement. The rules applicable are that of the institution or those chosen by the parties as the case may be. According to the report findings international commercial arbitration has become the norm for dispute resolution in international contracts. The consent of the parties is the source of power for the arbitrators to decide the dispute. It also limits their power as the arbitrators can decide the dispute only within the scope of the parties’ agreement. The arbitrators must apply rules, procedures and laws preferred by the parties. This will be set out in the clause of the contract as the agreement for arbitration in the event of disputes.

Strategic Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Strategic Analysis - Essay Example It also launched cars of different varieties and also targeted all the segments mainly the huge middle class segment present in India. It has huge manufacturing units in different parts of the country and also has a good supply chain. The company is always been known because of its high quality and also good after sales service that the company has always provided to the customers (Maruti Suzuki. 2014). The company has not only concentrated in the market of India but it has also expanded itself in other parts of world by exporting its vehicles across to different countries like UK, Srilanka, Nepal, Egypt, Italy, Germany etc. The automobile industry in India has grown at a very rapid pace and it is very difficult for all the companies to maintain their market share. Customers are looking to get better quality and high performance cars more as they have got a lot of variety. In this report it can be seen how a company like Maruti does face problems related to a particular car model that is been launched in the market. The specific strategy that the company needs to implement to get over the current issue is also been analysed and certain recommendations are been given to the company based on the study from various reports, theories and concepts. In the recent times with the increasing competition in the growing automobile industry in the global world and especially in the developing countries customers have got lot more choice to make between varieties, quality , performance and other factors which does affect the purchase decision of the customers. Because of this high competitive environment it has become very important for all the companies to maintain a good quality for their products and also provide high performance cars to the customers (Fitzroy and Herbert, 2007, pp. 34-38). The chances of launching a defective product in the market does create a lot of problem for the company as the company loses all its

What do we call them Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What do we call them - Essay Example So, this paper will evaluate Andrew Bacevichs book, The New American Militarism focusing on his thesis that U.S. is becoming a kind of ‘military crusader’, who are militarily involving themselves in theatres of war, without utilizing the diplomatic and peace options. In the beginning of the book itself, Andrew Bacevich states that the Americans have become enthralled and captivated by its military power and so have formed notions of world domination. So, this book actually examines the origins and importantly the unwanted repercussions of these misguided notions. That is, American militarism originated as a form of reaction to the Vietnam War, with the antics of Saddam Hussein and importantly the September 11 bombing of Twin Towers, only adding ‘fuel to the fire’. He further asserts that the Government leaders and officials have overrated the effectiveness of military force in foreign affairs, and so avoided the role of diplomacy, to achieve its foreign policy aims. Importantly, the romanticized images of war happenings, which are being featured in Films (action movies), TV channels, etc, have also ‘tuned’ many people in accepting the effectiveness of military power. So, the basic point that is being put forward in the book is, American citizens including the conservatives and liberals should strongly oppose mixing militarism with utopian ideology, which could have dangerous repercussions for both the American people and also the people of other countries. This can be explained by the happenings in the Iraq War. Under the pretext of finding the non-existent nuclear weapons, USA launched a series of violent attacks on the country, killing thousand of innocent people. . â€Å"We will wreak havoc abroad. We will endanger our security at home. We will risk the forfeiture of all that we prize."(Bacevich). Even though, it toppled, the most autocratic government headed by Saddam Hussein, USA’s violent acts inside Iraq, caused loss of

The red room and the signalman Essay Example for Free

The red room and the signalman Essay How do the authors maintain suspense and tension in The Red Room and The Signalman which story do you consider does this most effectively? In The Red Room by H.G Wells, written in 1885 and The Signalman by Charles Dickens, written in 1894 are both excellent examples of stories concerning the supernatural. Ghost stories and thrillers were very popular in the Victorian Era. These types of stories are found under the genre Gothic. H.G. Wells and Charles Dickens are both renowned authors and are very good at using particular techniques throughout their writing to maintain suspense and tension. The Signalman is set in an age where the train was a brand new technology which was not completely perfected; this made it a perfect place to set a mysterious ghost story. Charles Dickens was influenced to write The Signalman in 1865 when he was in a railway accident in which the train derailed at high speed. Ten people were killed and many injured. By using his experience to write this story it gave the setting a very contemporary edge, which played on societies fear for the latest technology. The Signalman was a man who worked by signalling to drivers to slow down. He lived in a cutting, which was a very dark deep place like a coffin with no quick escape if anything happened. A large red light flicked on and a bell rang whenever a train was approaching. A lot of colours used are associated with mystery and death such as red lightblack tunnelsaturnine face. Charles Dickens also uses personification quite regularly. Angry sunsetthe wind and the wires took up the story with a long lamenting wail. Some quotes such as angry sunset suggest that nature itself is angry. The personification can also make the reader feel that perhaps there is something or someone else present in the darkness. All of the colours are quite dark. Red can easily be related with death through blood. His use of light is very obvious too, for example gloomier entrancedark roomforeshortened, shadowed. The shadows and midst scares the reader by making them think that perhaps there is something lurking in the shadows. The description used in the story make it very gothic as well, for example earthly deadly smell high stone walls damp air. The gothic genre is well known for danger, so when the reader realises that the story is gothic they can tell that something mysterious or dangerous is going to happen. The speed of the narrative changes during the course of the story therefore building tension and suspense. I was sitting here, when I heardthe sleeve away when it was gone, the speed of the story going up can build tension because the reader immediately believes that the story is leading up to something. When the narrative is fast it makes the reader think faster coming up with lots of questions such as what going to happen. The personality of the characters can build tension for instance His attitude was one of such expectation and watchfulness that I stopped. When you first meet the signalman his nervousness leaves the reader wondering what the reason for this behaviour is. Occasionally throughout the story Charles Dickens repeats certain phrases such as Dont call back Halloa, below there. The repetition of these phrases can make the reader think about the reasons, such as why he cannot call back. The Red Room is set lot earlier than it was written giving it a very timeless quality. Everything in the setting is very old fashioned and follows a very standard structure with a foreboding castle, hidden rooms and ghosts. He was purposely gave no indication as to its particular time or location. Just like Charles Dickens he uses the light to give the setting a more sinister atmosphere, dark against the firelight the candles went out. The darkness and shadows darken the room so that the reader cannot visualise the parts of the room making the reader think and imagine what could be lurking in the shadows. The author has very detailed descriptions of certain objects and people, Her pale eyes openedmore bent, wrinkled aged These very detailed descriptions describe some features for example characters very closely so that the scene is very contrasted from very detailed to the invisible. This suggests that perhaps there are thing in the castle that cannot be seen or describes because they are from the supernatural. H.G. Wells repeats certain phrases during the story, Its your own choosingThis night of all nights. Its your own choosing suggests that the man doesnt want to be in anyway responsible for anything that might happen to him in The Red Room. This night of all nights implies that this night is a particularly dangerous night for the narrator to be going to The Red Room. The narrator is very arrogant, and considers that his opinion that the room is not haunted to be unquestionable, eight and twenty years I have lived and never a ghost have I seen yet. This builds tension because the reader can tell that something out of place is going to happen. The characters are described in a very spooky way for instance, the man with the withered arm when his coughing had ceased for a whilewrinkled, aged. This builds up tension by using gothic description. The speed of the narrative is very varied. As I entered the door closed behind me at once turned the key I found in the lock. Short, fast sentences build up tension because each sentence builds up and up to a summit leaving the reader with a sense of danger. H.G. Wells uses personification regularly. My candle flared and made the shadows cower and quiver the shadows as stepped toward me. This makes the seen more dramatic and a lot for the reader to concentrate on and also gives the impression that there is somebody else present. Many of the techniques used in The Red Room are very similar to the techniques used in The Signalman. However The Red Room can build up more tension than The Signalman because it contains more gothic features. The danger involved in the red room its much more obvious than the danger involved in The Signalman, perhaps because of its timeless quality. Because of the timeless quality we know exactly what kind of dangers await him as soon as the scene is set. The narrator is referred to in the first person in one story which gives the reader a stronger sense of being present in the story and makes it seem more realistic. I think that the most effective means of building tension in a story would be the use of light and description creating contrast between the known and the unknown.